Health savings accounts (HSAs) were introduced in 2003 alongside high-deductible health plans (HDHPs) to help people save for medical expenses. However, some individuals are using HSAs as investment tools for retirement rather than solely for healthcare costs. They max out their contributions to the HSA and invest the funds in mutual funds, stocks, or ETFs. Instead of using the HSA for medical expenses, they pay for healthcare out-of-pocket to allow their money to grow over time.